Steel structures are flourishing in the field of public construction, commonly used in factories and multi story buildings, expanding to super high-rise buildings, large-span exhibition centers, sports venues, large transportation buildings, ports, docks, roads and bridges, train stations, subways, high-speed railways and other places. Currently, there are more than a thousand super high-rise steel structures over 200 meters under construction or already built, and steel structures are developing towards higher, wider and lighter directions.
        The construction process of steel structures has strong nonlinear characteristics and is one of the main building structures. Composed of beams, columns, trusses, and other components made of steel plates or sections, these components are connected by welding, bolted connections, riveting, and other methods. They are widely used in fields such as super high-rise buildings, large-span buildings, bridges, tower and mast structures, detachable structures, and structures that require light weight.